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Composition by weight %
Family
Solidus/liquidus
point (°C)
Toxic
Comments
Cu
Zn
Ag
Au
Pd
Pt
Ti
Cr
Mo
W
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cd
Sn
Al
B
Si
P
other
Ni
73.25
Cr
7
Si
4.5
B
3
Fe
3
C
0.75
Ni–Cr
970/1000
[1]
–
NI 102. Near-eutectic. General purpose alloy. Relatively low-temperature. Good
flow at rapid heating rates. Gaps 0.03–0.10 mm.
7
3
73.25
3
4.5
C
0.75
Ni
82.4
Cr
7
Si
4.5
Fe
3
B
3.1
Ni–Cr
966/1040
[94]
971/999
[93]
–
BNi-2, AMS 4777, Hi-Temp 820. <0.06% C. Good flow, good fillets, low base metal
erosion. Widely used. For food-handling components, medical devices, and aircraft
parts. For furnace brazing.
7
3
82.4
3.1
4.5
Ni
92.5
Si
4.5
B
3
Ni
980/1040
[1]
982/1066
[93]
–
BNi-3, AMS 4778, NI 103, Hi-Temp 910. <0.5% Fe, <0.06% C. Relatively fluid,
free-flowing. Chromium-free. Limited use in specialized applications. Good for tight
and longer joints. Relatively insensitive to furnace atmosphere dryness.
92.5
3
4.5
Ni
94.5
Si
3.5
B
2
Ni
970/1000
[1]
–
BNi-4, AMS 4779, NI 104, Hi-Temp 930. <1.5% Fe, <0.06% C. More hypoeutectic
version of BNi-3. Wider use than BNi-3. Relatively sluggish. Relatively ductile.
Often capable of higher loads than other nickel-based metals. Gaps 0.05-0.10 mm.
For stainless steels and alloys of cobalt and nickel. Suitable for brazing thin
sections in e.g. chemical devices and jet engine parts.
94.5
2
3.5
Ni
71
Cr
19
Si
10
Ni–Cr
1080/1135
[1]
–
BNi-5, AMS 4782, NI 105. High melting point, lowered only by silicon. Good flow,
limited gap-filling. Avoid fillets, these tend to be crack initiators. Avoid larger gaps.
Can produce small, tough, very oxidation-resistant joints. Gaps 0.03–0.1 mm.
19
71
10
Ni
89
P
11
Ni-P
875
[1]
877
[93]
–
BNi-6, NI 106, Hi-Temp 932. <0.06% C. Eutectic. Extremely fluid, therefore limited
gap-bridging. Good performance in nitrogen-bearing atmospheres. Can be plated
from electroless baths. Used for low-stress joints. Not widely used. Can be used for
brazing stainless-steel to phosphorus-deoxidized or OFHC copper. Gaps about
0.03 mm. For stainless steels and alloys of cobalt and nickel. Suitable for brazing
thin sections in e.g. chemical devices and jet engine parts. Provides high
temperature properties and good corrosion resistance with relatively low
processing temperatures.
89
11
Ni
76
Cr
14
P
10
Ni–Cr–
P
890
[1]
888
[93]
–
BNi-7, NI 107, Hi-Temp 933. <0.06% C. Eutectic. Chromium-containing version of
BNi-6. Originally developed for brazing parts for cores of nuclear reactors.
Extended flow at higher temperatures. Good results for low-stress tight joints. Used
for e.g. immersion heaters and thermocouple harnesses. Suitable for continuous
furnace brazing in dissociated ammonia atmosphere. Gaps below 0.03 mm. Often
used for brazing honeycomb structures and thin-walled tubing. Used in nuclear
applications due to absence of boron. Chromium content provides improved high
temperature properties and better corrosion resistance than BNi-6.
14
76
10
Ni
65.5
Si
7
Cu
4.5
Mn
23
Ni
980/1010
[1]
–
NI 108. Specialized use, for very thin sections. Very low diffusion, low interaction
with base metal. Manganese volatility requires special handling for vacuum
brazing. Gaps below 0.03 mm.
4.5
23
65.5
7
Ni
81.5
Cr
15
B
3.5
Ni–Cr
1055
[1]
–
NI 109. Eutectic. <1.5% Fe. Good initial penetration. Specialized use in aerospace.
Good choice for gap-filling powders.
15
81.5
3.5
Ni
62.5
Cr
11.5
Si
3.5
B
2.5
Fe
3.5
C
0.5
W
16
Ni-Cr-
W
970/1105
[1]
–
NI 110. Moderate flow. Use in aerospace. Almost always requires tracing. Gaps
0.1–0.25 mm.
11.5
16
3.5
62.5
2.5
3.5
C
0.5
Ni
67.25
Cr
10.5
Si
3.8
B
2.7
Fe
3.25
C
0.4
W
12.1
Ni-Cr-
W
970/1095
[1]
–
NI 111. Reduced-tungsten version of NI 110, improved flow. May have better
fatigue resistance than other nickel alloys.
10.5
12.1
3.25
67.25
2.7
3.8
C
0.5
Ni
65
Cr
25
P
10
Ni–Cr–
P
880/950
[1]
–
NI 112. Chromium-rich version of NI 107, similar flow; non-eutectic but penetrates
well. Excellent corrosion resistance in many weak electrolytes.
25
65
10
Co
67.8
Cr
19
Si
8
B
0.8
C
0.4
W
4
Co–Cr
1120/1150
[1]
–
CO 101. Suitable for gas turbine operations. In some cases can withstand
temperature excursions above brazing temperature. Suitable for both new and
braze-repaired parts.
[95]
19
4
67.8
0.8
8
C
0.4
Co
50
Cr
19
Ni
17
Si
8
W
4
B
0.8
Co–Cr
1107/1150
[96]
–
BCo-1, AMS 4783.
19
4
50
17
0.8
8
Au
100
pure
1064
[75]
–
Pure metal. Very ductile, wets most metals.
100
Ag
100
pure
962
–
BAg-0, BVAg-0, Braze 999, Pure Silver. Pure metal. VTG alloy. For ceramics for
semiconductors. Good mechanical properties, compatible with most metals, low
vapor pressure, excellent fluidity when molten. Mostly used for brazing reactive
metals, e.g. beryllium and titanium. Does not significantly alloy with nor wet iron.
Rarely used alone due to relatively high cost.
100
Pd
100
pure
1555
[75]
Pure metal. High-temperature brazing of refractory metals.
100
Pt
100
pure
1767
–
Very high temperature brazing. For refractory metals for high-temperature
applications.
100
Cu
100
pure
1085
[1]
–
pure metal; CU 101 (99.90%), CU 102 or CDA 102 (99.95%), CU 103 (99%), CU
104 (99.90%, 0.015–0.040% P), BCu-1 or CDA 110 (99.99%). Free-flowing. Can
be used for press fits. For ferrous alloys, nickel alloys and copper-nickel alloys.
BVCu-1x is OFHC, vacuum-grade, for furnace brazing of steels, stainless steels
and nickel alloys. Oxygen-containing copper is incompatible with hydrogen-
containing atmospheres which cause its embrittlement. Cheaper than silver, but
requires higher processing temperatures and is oxidation-prone. Used in fluxless
vacuum brazing of stainless steels. High fluidity, low base metal erosion, extremely
good wetting of steel. Relatively soft, which is beneficial for stress relief but impairs
joint strength.
100
Ni
100
pure
–
Pure metal. Rarely used due to high melting point. Used for joining molybdenum
and tungsten for high-temperature applications.
100
Ti
100
pure
1670
–
Pure metal.
100
Fe
40
Ni
38
B
18
Mo
4
–
Amorphous metal. For brazing and soft magnetic applications. Crystallization at
410 °C. Maximum service temperature 125 °C.
[97]
4
40
38
18