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Composition by weight %
Family
Solidus/liquidus
point (°C)
Toxic
Comments
Cu
Zn
Ag
Au
Pd
Pt
Ti
Cr
Mo
W
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cd
Sn
Al
B
Si
P
other
Au
70
Ni
22
Pd
8
Au–
Pd–Ni
1007/1046
[75]
1005/1037
[79]
–
BAu-6, AMS 4786, Premabraze 700, Palniro 7. High strength and ductility. For
stainless steels and superalloys.
70
8
22
Au
50
Pd
25
Ni
25
Au–
Pd–Ni
1102/1121
[75]
–
BVAu-7, AMS 4784, Premabraze 500, Palniro 1, Gold Braze 5025. High strength,
good oxidation resistance. Suitable for joining superalloys. Like Au
30
Pd
34
Ni
36
,
lower brazing temperature.
50
25
25
Au
30
Pd
34
Ni
36
Au-
Pd–Ni
1135/1169
[80]
–
AMS 4785, Palniro 4. High-strength. Corrosion-resistant. For superalloys.
30
34
36
Au
92
Pd
8
Au–Pd
1199/1241
[75]
–
BAu-8, BVAu-8, Paloro. Ductilie, nonoxidizable. Wets tungsten, molybdenum,
tantalum and superalloys.
92
8
Au
25
Cu
31
Ni
18
Pd
15
Mn
11
Au–
Pd–Ni
1017/1052
[73]
–
Palnicurom 25. For tungsten carbide and superalloys.
31
25
15
11
18
Au
25
Cu
37
Ni
10
Pd
15
Mn
13
Au–
Pd–Ni
970/1013
[73]
–
Palnicurom 10. For tungsten carbide and superalloys.
37
25
15
13
10
Ag
68
Cu
27
Pd
5
Ag–Cu
807/810
[75]
–
BVAg-30, Premabraze 680, Palcusil 5, PAL 5. Narrow melting range. For kovar
and molybdenum-manganese seals, better wetting here than Cusil.
27
68
5
Ag
59
Cu
31
Pd
10
Ag–Cu
824/852
[75]
–
BVAg-31, Premabraze 580, Palcusil 10, PAL 10. (Ag
58
Cu
32
Pd
10
?) Excellent for
vacuum-tight joints. For brazing nickel, kovar, copper, and molybdenum-
manganese.
31
59
10
Ag
54
Pd
25
Ni
21
Ag–Pd
899/949
[75]
900/950
[54]
–
BAg-32, BVAg-32, Premabraze 540, Palcusil 25, PAL 25. Similar to Au-Ni,
cheaper, lower density. Does not embrittle kovar.
54
25
21
Pd
65
Co
35
Pd
1229/1235
[75]
–
BVPd-1, Premabraze 180. Narrow melting range, low erosion of substrates.
65
35
Ag
54
Cu
21
Pd
25
Pd
900/950
[1]
–
PD 101.
21
54
25
Ag
52
Cu
28
Pd
20
Pd
875/900
[1]
–
PD 102.
28
52
20
Ag
65
Cu
20
Pd
15
Pd
850/900
[1][54]
–
PD 103, Premabraze 265, Palcusil 15. For copper, stainless steel, kovar, and non-
manganese/molybdenum metallized ceramics.
20
65
15
Ag
67.5
Cu
22.5
Pd
10
Pd
830/860
[1]
–
PD 104.
22.5
67.5
10
Ag
58.5
Cu
31.5
Pd
10
Pd
825/850
[1]
–
PD 105.
31.5
58.5
10
Ag
68.5
Cu
26.5
Pd
5
Pd
805/810
[1]
–
PD 106.
26.5
68.5
5
Pd
60
Ni
40
Pd
1235
[1]
–
PD 201, Palni. Eutectic. Does not flow well due to high Ni content. Wets tungsten,
nickel, stainless steel, superalloys.
60
40
Ag
75
Pd
20
Mn
5
Ag–Pd
1000/1120
[1]
1008/1072
[73]
–
PD 202, Palmansil 5. For tungsten carbide and superalloys.
75
20
5
Cu
82
Pd
18
Cu–Pd
1080/1090
[1]
–
PD 203
82
18
Ag
95
Pd
5
Ag–Pd
970/1010
[1]
–
PD 204
95
5
Ag
95
Al
5
780/830
[73]
–
Ductile. For titanium alloys.
95
5
Au
75.5
Ag
12.4
Cu
9.5
Zn
2.5
Ir
0.1
860/882
[81]
–
Wieland Porta Optimum 880. Dental solder. Yellow color.
9.5
2.5
12.4
75.5
Ir
0.1
Au
73
Ag
12.4
Zn
14.5
Ir
0.1
680/700
[82]
–
Wieland Porta Optimum 710. Dental solder. Yellow color.
14.5
12.4
73
Ir
0.1
Au
73.5
Ag
25
Zn
1.5
960/1010
[83]
–
Wieland Bio Porta 1020. Dental solder. Yellow color.
1.5
25
73.5
Au
88.7
Ag
3
Zn
6.2
Pt
2
Ir
0.1
830/890
[84]
–
Wieland Porta Optimum 900. Dental solder. Yellow color.
6.2
3
88.7
2
Ir
0.1
Au
89
Zn
5.7
Pt
5
Ir
0.3
850/930
[85]
–
Wieland Porta Optimum 940. Dental solder. Yellow color.
5.7
89
5
Ir
0.3
Au
49.7
Ag
32.5
Zn
4.5
Pd
13
Ir
0.3
980/1090
[86]
–
Wieland Porta-1090W. Dental solder. White color.
4.5
32.5
49.7
13
Ir
0.3
Au
80
Ag
17.5
Sn
0.2
In
0.3
Pt
1.9
Ir
0.1
1015/1055
[87]
–
Wieland Porta IP V-1. Dental solder. Yellow color.
17.5
80
1.9
0.2
Ir
0.1
In
0.3
Au
64
Ag
34.9
In
0.6
Pt
0.4
Ir
0.1
1015/1030
[88]
–
Wieland Porta IP V-2. Dental solder. Yellow color.
34.9
64
0.5
Ir
0.1
In
0.6
Au
62
Ag
17
Cu
7
Zn
6
In
5
Pd
3
710/770
[89]
–
Wieland Auropal M-1. Dental solder. Yellow color.
7
6
17
62
3
In
5
Au
62
Ag
22
Cu
4
Zn
12
720/750
[90]
–
Wieland Auropal W-2. Dental solder. Yellow color.
4
12
22
62
Au
71.5
Ag
17.5
Zn
10
Pt
1
750/810
[91]
–
Wieland Porta OP M-1. Dental solder. Yellow color.
10
17.5
71.5
1
Au
68
Ag
19
Zn
12
Pt
1
710/765
[92]
–
Wieland Porta OP W-2. Dental solder. Yellow color.
12
19
68
1
Ni
73.25
Cr
14
Si
4.5
B
3
Fe
4.5
C
0.75
Ni-Cr
980/1060
[1]
977/1038
[93]
–
BNi-1, AMS 4775, NI 101, Hi-Temp 720. Relatively aggressive to the base metal.
Good flow. Good corrosion characteristics. Limited applications, usually in brazing
of heavier sections. Recommended for light stresses at elevated temperatures.
Gap 0.05–0.12 mm. When joining martensitic stainless steels, cracks appear in the
fillets on cooling (due to volume strain caused by martensitic transition of the base
metal) and may reduce fatigue life of the joint; this can be prevented by a time-
intensive stress relief heating just above the martensitic transition of the base
metal, or by using BNi-1A, a reduced-carbon version, which reduces modulus of
the filler alloy enough to prevent crack formation.
[5]
14
4.5
73.25
3
4.5
C
0.75
Ni
73.25
Cr
14
Si
4.5
B
3
Fe
4.5
Ni–Cr
980/1070
[1]
977/1077
[93]
–
BNi-1A, AMS 4776, NI 101A, Hi-Temp 721. <0.06% C. Low-carbon version of BNi-
1, used where carbon content of BNi-1 would be detrimental. Low flow, slower than
BNi-1. Oxidation-resistant joints. Used in some gas turbine applications. Gaps
0.05-0.15 mm.
14
4.5
73.25
3
4.5