Can I create a chart of the frequency distribution of a set of numbers

This option is available in the latest version of Excel but I cannot find anything like it in LibreOffice

As in histogram? If you haven’t already, first you must calculate the frequencies of your variable. Use Calc function FREQUENCY. See example for starters. Then you can simply plot the frequencies versus labels (for intervals) as a column graph.

…providing that all intervals are equals, and Spacing between bars set to 0 (Format Data Series… - Options tab - Settings).

@LeroyG : Good point!

@Scarp : In case you are not already aware of this, using unequal intervals would mis-represent and bias the frequency distribution of your data.