Can List styles be Linked with other List styles?

I have created a list style named DescriptionList. I want to create several new list styles linked with DescriptionList, but with different lead-in texts. When I right-click on DescriptionList and select New…, the new list style can not be linked with any other list style – the field for choosing Linked with style is greyed out. WHY???

Yes. You can link list paragraph styles (custom or those provided) but it is important that the paragraph style is linked to a corresponding list style (in this case, given the text identifier you apparently required, a custom style). Refer my answer here. Also note the discussion in this thread. It seems you have the same issue described by @ROSt53 in that thread.