LibreOffice is able to handle those URIs. You may test it by using command line like
soffice ms-excel:ofe|u|http://127.0.0.1:38000/docs/work/xvg7o3lwra14r7b/7d27e9eb-1a91-4039-94db-c8ca5c4b4dd0.xls
But the shell integration isn’t implemented. That requires .desktop files adjustment. You may file a RFE for that either in LO Bugzilla, or for your desktop environment.