LibreOffice Calc 4.2.2.1
@karolus is unfortunately right. Sometimes I also wanted to have such a functionality.
Workaround:
If you have areas where access rights must be different, spread them over as many sheets as access rights you need. You only must be care fully that you have one sheet where all the calculations are done. This means you need to forward and backward depending if cells are input cells or reference cells. Reference cells can not be edited by the person who has limited rights.
A bit tricky but it should be possible.
Besides this please feel free to file an enhancement request here: https://www.libreoffice.org/get-help/bug/?enhancement=yes