It is part of the Calc file. Quoting Wikipedia:
The OpenDocument format supports the following two ways of document representation:
- As a collection of several sub-documents within a package, each of which stores part of the complete document. This is the common representation of OpenDocument documents. It uses filename extensions such as
.odt, .ott, .ods, .odp … etc. The package is a standard ZIP file with different filename extensions and with a defined structure of sub-documents. Each sub-document within a package has a different document root and stores a particular aspect of the XML document. All types of documents (e.g. text and spreadsheet documents) use the same set of document and sub-document definitions.
If I extract a spreadsheet file I see this:
You may need to rename (a copy of) your file as .zip to allow whatever archive program you use to open the file.
xlsx will have a vaguely similar format; I don’t have an Excel file to look at.
Note that as mentioned above, if the file has been password protected, it is also encrypted and opening as an archive is not possible.