This is not possible with the standard chapter numbering counter: this a multi-level counter (the same for all Heading n paragraph styles) and the formatting you choose for a level is not context-dependent. That is, you cant have Roman numeral for level 1 when used with Heading 1 and Western numbers at level 1 when used in Heading 2 and higher.
The only way I know to achieve what you want is to have a second “parallel” chapter numbering (only for level 1, but this is not mandatory) with a different formatting. However, this needs a tricky manual work to deceive Writer into thinking it has a single counter.
Short story, but it may be further detailed if you accept the burden:
EDIT 2020-12-06 Full solution
This solution works in Writer LO 7.0+. Built-in style names have changed a bit. If you use a prior version, adapt to your case.
First step: new level-1 heading style
In the style sidepane (F11
or Styles
>Manage Styles
if not already visible), right-click on Heading 1 and New
- in the
Organizer
tab, give it name Heading 1 Roman and set Next style: to Text Body
- in the
Font Effects
tab, click on Hidden and click again to remove the mark (this requests the text not to be hidden in any circumstances)
- in
Outline & Numbering
, set Outline level: to Level 1
and Numbering style: to Numbering IVX
- in
Indents & Spacing
, set the spacing above and below to the required values
- you may also insert an automatic page break in
Text Flow
so that a chapter always starts on a new page
Second step: modify built-in Heading 1
Right-click on Heading 1 and Modify
- in
Font Effects
tab, check the hidden box
- in
Indents & spacing
tab, it might be judicious to set spacing above and below to zero, but this is only a display convenience for your editing/writing task
Third step: modify chapter numbering
Open Tools
>Chapter Numbering
- at Level 1, set Number: to
1
- set all other levels as usual (
1
and show all sub-levels)
- note the parameters in the
Position
tab (number alignment, tab stop and indent)
Fourth step: modify list style Numbering IVX
In the style sidepane toolbar, click on the fifth icon from left (List Styles when hovering). Right-click on Numbering IVX and Modify
- in the
Position
tab, set all parameters to what your read in Tools
>Chapter Numbering
.
##Procedure for chapter headings (edited 2020-12-10)
- Type the “real” heading and before pressing
Enter
select Heading 1 Roman from the paragraph style menu
- Immediately after it (new paragraph), type a space (to make sure), select Heading 1 from the paragraph style menu (or
Ctrl
+1
), press Enter
This pair of paragraphs is mandatory at start of every chapter. The Heading 1 Roman line creates the “real” chapter heading and the hidden Heading 1 synchronizes standard chapter numbering.
I highly recommend you enable View
>Formatting Marks
so that you can see your dummy Heading 1 paragraphs and be able to edit them. They are hidden and do not print. You can check the final formatting with print preview.
##TOC
If you already have a TOC, right-click on it and Edit index
; otherwise Insert
>TOC & Index
>Toc, Index or Bibliography
- in the
Type
tab, check Additional styles and press Assign Styles
- in the table which pops up, click the “1” column for Heading 1 Roman
#Golden advice
Practice styles, they are the key for good and complex (nice-looking) formatting. Without them, tuning a document appearance is a nightmare. Don’t use direct formatting though this is the method induced by Word. Writer allows to separate content from look-and-feel. With styles, notably character styles, changing a document graphic charting is a matter of a handful of minutes (instead of several hours and many errors with direct formatting).
EDIT 2020-12-08
Example file
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