Unfortunately you can’t. Formulas are “external” objects prepared by Math. These objects are not controlled by styles and therefore their look can’t be changed centrally. (Math has not evolved for years and lags far behind the other components regarding formatting configuration.)
What surprises me is the fact you need to force font colour to Automatic. This is the default configuration unless you already applied a different setting. It also shows you don’t use styles which are intended to separate appearance from contents.
PS: when asking here, always mention LO version because the application is alive and there are differences between releases which can impact the accuracy of answers.